Sets, Subsets, Equal Sets, Universal Sets, Finite and Infinite Sets, Operation on Sets,
Union, Intersection and Complements of Sets, Cartesian Product, Cardinality of Set, Simple Applications.

Properties of Relations, Equivalence Relation, Partial Order Relation
Function: Domain and Range, Onto, Into and One-to-One Functions, Composite and Inverse Functions,
Introduction to Trigonometric, Logarithmic and Exponential Functions.

Partial Order Sets, Representation of POSETS using Hasse Diagram, Chains, Maximal and Minimal Points,
glb, lub, Lattices & Algebraic Systems, Principle of Duality.

Determinants: Definition, Minors, Cofactors, Properties of Determinants
Matrices: Definition, Types of Matrices, Addition, Subtraction, Scalar Multiplication, and Multiplication of Matrices,
Adjoint, Inverse, Cramer’s Rule, Rank of Matrix, Dependence of Vectors, Eigen Vectors of a Matrix, Cayley-Hamilton Theorem (without proof).

Limit at a Point, Properties of Limits, Computation of Limits of Various Types of Functions,
Continuity at a Point, Continuity Over an Interval, Intermediate Value Theorem, Types of Discontinuities.

Differentiation: Derivatives of Sum, Difference, Product & Quotients, Chain Rule, Derivatives of Composite Functions,
Logarithmic Differentiation
Integration: Integral as Limit of Sum, Fundamental Theorem of Calculus (without proof),
Indefinite Integrals, Methods of Integration: Substitution, By Parts.

Definition, declaration and initialization of one-dimensional array; Accessing array elements;
Displaying array elements; Sorting arrays; Arrays and functions;
Two-Dimensional array: Declaration and Initialization, Accessing and Displaying,
Memory representation of array [Row Major, Column Major]; Multidimensional array.

Definition and declaration, Initialization; Indirection operator, address of operator;
Pointer arithmetic; Dynamic memory allocation; Arrays and pointers; Function and pointers.

Definition, declaration and initialization of strings;
Standard library functions: strlen(), strcpy(), strcat(), strcmp();
Implementation without using standard library functions.

Structures: Definition and declaration; Variable initialization;
Accessing fields and structure operations; Nested structures.
Union: Definition and declaration; Difference between Union and Structure.

Preprocessor: Definition of Preprocessor; Macro substitution directives; File inclusion directives; Conditional compilation.
Bitwise Operators: Bitwise operators; Shift operators; Masks; Bit fields.

Definition of Files, Opening modes of files;
Standard functions: fopen(), fclose(), feof(), fseek(), fewind();
Using text files: fgetc(), fputc(), fscanf();
Command line arguments.

Basic computer organization and design, Instructions and instruction codes, Timing and control/instruction cycle,
Register types: general purpose, special purpose, index registers; Register transfer and micro-operations,
Register transfer instructions, Memory and memory function, Bus/Data transfer instructions,
Arithmetic logic micro-operations, Shift micro-operations, Input/Output and interrupts,
Memory reference instructions, Memory interfacing, Cache memory.

General Register Organization, Stack organizations, Instruction formats, Addressing modes,
Data transfer and manipulation, Program control, Reduced computer, Pipelining (RISC/CISC),
Vector processing, Array processing;
Arithmetic Algorithms: Integer multiplication using shift and add, Booth’s algorithm,
Integer division, Floating-point representations.

Addition, subtraction and multiplication algorithms, Divisor algorithms,
Floating point arithmetic operations, Decimal arithmetic operations.

Peripheral devices, Input/output interface, ALU Asynchronous Data transfer,
Modes of transfer, Priority interrupts, Direct Memory Access (DMA),
Input/Output Processor (IOP), Serial communication.

Overview of Intel 8085 to Intel Pentium processors,
Basic microprocessors, Architecture and interface,
Internal architecture, External architecture, Memory and input/output interface.

Assembly language, Assembler, Assembly level instructions, Macro,
Use of macros in I/C instructions, Program loops, Programming arithmetic and logic subroutines,
Input-Output programming.

Meaning, Definition, Nature, Purpose, Importance & Functions of Management,
Management as Art, Science & Profession, Management as Social System,
Concepts of Management, Administration, Organization,
Management Skills, Levels of Management.

Contributions of F.W. Taylor, Henri Fayol, Elton Mayo, Chester Barnard & Peter Drucker to management thought.
Business Ethics & Social Responsibility: Concept, Shift to Ethics, Tools of Ethics.

Planning: Meaning, Need & Importance, Types, Process, Barriers, Levels, Advantages & Limitations.
Forecasting: Need & Techniques
Decision Making: Types, Rational Process, Techniques
Organizing: Elements, Process, Types of Organizations, Delegation of Authority – Need & Difficulties, Decentralization
Staffing: Meaning & Importance
Direction: Nature, Principles
Communication: Types & Importance

Motivation: Importance, Theories
Leadership: Meaning, Styles, Qualities & Functions of a Leader
Controlling: Need, Nature, Importance, Process & Techniques
Total Quality Management (TQM)
Coordination: Need & Importance

Models for Change, Forces for Change, Need for Change,
Alternative Change Techniques, New Trends in Organizational Change,
Stress Management.

Definition, Classes of Decisions, Levels of Decision, Strategy,
Role of Different Strategists, Relevance and Benefits of Strategic Management,
Strategic Management in India.

Basic Accounting Concepts, Financial Statements & Analysis, Cost Centres, Inventory Basics.
Tally Configuration: INI Setup, Data Directory, Single/Multiple Users.
Tally Interface: Screen Components, Keyboard/Mouse Navigation, Switching Screens, Quitting.
Company Management: Create/Alter/Select/Load/Close Company, Chart of Accounts, Features & Configuration.

Create/Alter/Display Groups & Ledgers.
All Voucher Types: Accounting, Item & Account Invoices, Excise & Export Invoices.
Cost Centres & Categories: Creation, Allocation, Class Usage.
Foreign Currency Transactions: Create/Delete Currencies, Voucher Entry in Foreign Currency.
Bank Reconciliation, Interest Calculation (Simple & Advanced), Voucher Class Usage.

Budget Management: Create/Alter/Delete Budgets, Credit Limits, Scenario Management.
Job Costing: Master Configuration, Stock Transfer Journal, Consumption Journal, Job Work Analysis.
Financial Reports: Balance Sheet, Profit & Loss, Ratio Analysis, Trial Balance, Cash/Bank Books, Sales & Purchase Registers, Cost Centre Reports, Receivables & Payables, Fund Flow, Day Book, Post-Dated/Optional/Reversing Journals.

Stock Management: Create/Alter Stock Groups, Items, Categories, Units of Measure.
Inventory Behaviour: Costing Methods, Valuation, Rejections, MRP, Physical Counting.
Inventory Vouchers, Re-order Level, Tracking Numbers, Batches, Additional Cost.
Price List & Levels, Zero-Valued Entries, Actual vs Billed Quantities.
Inventory Reports: Stock Summary, Physical Register, Movement Analysis, Ageing, Orders Summary, Reorder Status, Exception Reports (Negative Stock, Overdue, etc).

Cheque Printing, Multi-Account Printing, Format Options.
Group Company Creation, Tally Vault, Security Controls & Levels, Tally Audit.
Backup & Restore, Data Splitting, Export/Import, ODBC, Email, Web Publishing, Data Rewriting.